| AISI |
Concise for the American Iron and Steel Institute |
| Alloy |
Two or more chemical elements, of which at least one is a metal. |
| Alloy Steel |
More than one alloy element with a steel. |
| Annealing |
The process of softening the steel and removing any tension. The process usually requires heating a steel in a furnace and gradually cooling down. |
| ASTM |
A brief description of the American Society for testing and content, now called ASTM International |
| Austenitic |
A range of stainless steels that is austenite as their primary stage, with a face-centered cubic crystal structure. Typically these are 18/8 stainless steel types, with an average structure of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. |
| Bar |
Steel has been rolled or made in long, flat, square and hexagon bar with billett length. |
| Brinell (HB) |
Measurement of the surface hardness of a steel |
| Bright Drawn |
The construction of a ‘brighter ready’ steel is done by pulling steel bars through a die without pre-heating to achieve a smooth finish with sesame tolerance. |
| Carbon Steel |
A steel with the main components of carbon, silicon and manganese, but generally there is no or little content of other alloying elements. |
| Case Hardening |
A heat treatment process for steel, usually low carbon steel and alloy steel grades. By inserting elements into the surface of steel, the case outside the steel becomes stiff, while the steel core is giving good power. Carboraging is also known as the surface hardening. |
| Cast Iron |
Iron alloy contains 1.8% to 4.5% carbon content, with silicon and manganese. Cast iron is more brittle than steel and has a low melting temperature. |
| Centreless Grinding |
The method of eliminating round steel bars by removing the surface with a grinding wheel is done to keep the steel bar very tight. |
| Charpy Test |
An peon test measures the amount of energy absorbed by the steel during the fracture. |
| Creep |
Failure of metal due to elongation due to constant stress. |
| DIN Standards |
Referring to DIN steel specifications commonly offered by the Deutsches Institute for Norming in Germany DIN is the combination of letters and numbers of steel standards |
| Duplex |
Duplex is a stainless steel that has Austenitic ferrite chromium, nickel, molybdenum structure. Corrosive erosion in Duplex, painting, crack corrosion improves tension and provides high strength in comparison with other stainless alloys. |
| Electric Arc Furnace |
A steel furnace that uses electrical arcs to generate heat, after the melting of the steel, it is usually put in bloom, slab or billet. |
| Ferrous |
Any steel, metal or alloy which is made mainly of iron. |
| Fatigue |
Progressive and structural damage that occurs when a steel is again subjected to cyclic stress or loading. |
| Flame Cutting |
The process used to cut carbon steel plate using an oxy-fuel gas flame |
| Forging |
The process of shaping or making the steel using compactisation forces such as pressure, harassment, rolling or pressing The process of shaping or making steel using infectious strengths like pressing, bothering, rolling or pressing |
| Grade |
Name and designation of steel as defined by its structure and properties. |
| Hardening |
To increase the hardness of the steel, a process usually requires heating, quenching, tempering and cooling. |
| Hardness |
The hardness of a steel is measured by its ability to resist the penetration of the surface. Common measurements of hardness include Rockwell, Brinell, and Vickers. |
| Heat Treatment |
The process of changing the mechanical properties of a steel typical heat treatment processes are strict, annealing, normal and nitrading. |
| High Carbon Steel |
Usually a steel is suitable for minimal heat treatment with 0.5% carbon content. |
| High Acceleration Steel |
Standard equipment that offers high hardness on high speed steel temperature and high wear resistance has more advantages. |
| Impact |
Impact test measures energy absorption by fracturing a steel test bar at high velocity. |
| Lumsden Grinding |
Method to eliminate steel plate by removing the surface with a mutated or rotary grinding machine. |
| Manganese Steel |
Normally 11% to 14% in the context of manganese steel plate, a hard work steel, when the surface is subject to repeated friction or effect, then it becomes increasingly difficult. |
| Martensitic |
A class of stainless steel grade that is magnetic and can be harsh and natural. |
| Mechanical Properties |
Steels can obtain various measurements of strength, hardness and stiffness, depending on structure and heat treatment – commonly known as mechanical properties of steel. |
| Meehanite |
A continuous cast iron type material |
| Modulus of Elasticity |
The measurement of the resistance of a steel becomes unusually distorted and how it will be restored to its original shape after deformation. |
| Non Adamant Metal |
No metal or alloy in which there is no iron content |
| Normalising |
A heat treatment process, often used to cut the flame of high carbon steel grade, to remove the stress from the steel. The steel is heated and it is kept for a certain amount of time at the temperature above the upper vital limit and then the air is allowed to cool. |
| Oxidation |
When a steel becomes aware of oxygen, it can usually give surface to stains, thickness or rust to oxygen in atmospheric conditions. |
| Physical Properties |
Regardless of mechanical properties, related to physics of steel, usually coefficient of properties such as density, thermal expansion and coefficient of electrical conductivity are included. |
| Plasma Cutting |
A process used to cut a stainless steel plate using a plasma torch. A passive gas is blown through a nozzle making an electric arc at high speed, which makes a warm plasma for penetrating and cutting. |
| Precipitation Hardening |
Generally, there is a heat treatment process for some types of stainless steel, in which one component stems from a supersicated solid solution. The age is also known as tough. |
| Precision Grinding |
The method to eliminate steel plate by removing the surface with the surface grinding machine to achieve tight tolerance. |
| Quenching |
A heat treatment period where a steel is cooled quickly after heating (normal cooling medium contains oil, water and air) |
| Rockwell |
Measurement of the surface hardness of a steel |
| Spheroidal Graphite Iron |
A ductile cast iron, commonly known as SG Iron. |
| Spring Steel |
A medium to high carbon steel or alloy or stainless steel, which is high yield strength while treating the heat. |
| Stainless Steel |
Extremely mixed steel grades give good resistance to corrosion and oxidation. |
| Steel |
An iron-based alloy containing carbon, silicon, manganese and other elements. |
| Steel Analysis |
Chemical composition and construction of a steel specification. |
| Steel Elements |
A steel element is a pure chemical substance defined by an atomic number (the number of protons in its nucleus). |
| Tempering |
A heat treatment period where a steel is heated again in the desired temperature and after cooling it is cool to give the necessary hardness or mechanical properties. |
| Tensile Strength |
One measure of the maximum load per unit will be achieved before a steel test piece fracturing. |
| Tolerances (of steel bar and plate) |
Tolerance is the limit of permissible limit or variation from a specified dimension. |
| Tool Steel |
Usually steels which are suitable for heat treatment, which are suitable for high hardness, which offer the characteristics of good equipment such as abrasion resistance and the ability to hold sophisticated holders Tool steel type cold working equipment steel, hot work equipment Steel and plastic mold tool steel included. |
| Tool Steel Casting Names |
Typically pointing to old steel producers who gave the steel specification the brand name of their own company. |
| UNS |
Brief description of ‘Integrated Numbering System’ |
| Werkstoff |
German steel specifications are generally shown as a number after a full stop, then four more numbers (e.g. 1.237 9). |
| Yield Strength |
The strength or yield of steel is related to the level of stress in the steel, where plastic deformation starts. |
